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Technology has transformed many aspects of modern society, and nowhere is this more evident than in the realm of teaching and learning. Nevertheless, the need to commit to memory all basic facts of arithmetic remains one of the great pedagogical constants. It's not all down to rote memorization, however. One of the most important modern early learning goals is the attainment of "numeracy:" a visceral sense of what numbers are together with utilitarian mastery of what they do and how they do it. After learning to count, compare, and estimate numbers, a child's next goal in the study of arithmetic is to understand addition and subtraction (joining and separating) and multiplication and division (repeated addition and repeated subtraction). Once these definitions are demonstrably clear, addition and multiplication facts are collected through experimentation with real objects and memorialized in tables. After addition and multiplication tables are memorized, subtr...

Technology has transformed many aspects of modern society, and nowhere is this more evident than in the realm of teaching and learning. Nevertheless, the need to commit to memory all basic facts of arithmetic remains one of the great pedagogical constants. It's not all down to rote memorization, however. One of the most important modern early learning goals is the attainment of "numeracy:" a visceral sense of what numbers are together with utilitarian mastery of what they do and how they do it. After learning to count, compare, and estimate numbers, a child's next goal in the study of arithmetic is to understand addition and subtraction (joining and separating) and multiplication and division (repeated addition and repeated subtraction). Once these definitions are demonstrably clear, addition and multiplication facts are collected through experimentation with real objects and memorialized in tables. After addition and multiplication tables are memorized, subtr...

Technology has transformed many aspects of modern society, and nowhere is this more evident than in the realm of teaching and learning. Nevertheless, the need to commit to memory all basic facts of arithmetic remains one of the great pedagogical constants. It's not all down to rote memorization, however. One of the most important modern early learning goals is the attainment of "numeracy:" a visceral sense of what numbers are together with utilitarian mastery of what they do and how they do it. After learning to count, compare, and estimate numbers, a child's next goal in the study of arithmetic is to understand addition and subtraction (joining and separating) and multiplication and division (repeated addition and repeated subtraction). Once these definitions are demonstrably clear, addition and multiplication facts are collected through experimentation with real objects and memorialized in tables. After addition and multiplication tables are memorized, subtr...